Journal: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII

Article Title: Dasatinib boosts γδ T cell expansion and memory phenotypes with enhanced antitumor immunity

doi: 10.1007/s00262-026-04335-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phenotypic characterization of ex vivo expanded γδ2 T cells. A Overview of Zol-based γδ2 T cell expansion from human PBMCs. B – C Time-course analysis of γδ2 cell population dynamics from five healthy donors (HD-1 to HD-5), showing initial decline followed by robust expansion. The blue line indicates the poor expander (HD-3 and HD-5), whose γδ2 T cells constitute less than 60% of all CD3 + cells. D t-SNE and FlowSOM clustering identified nine phenotypically distinct CD3 + VD2 + -γδ2 T cell subsets (P0–P8) during cell expansion based on the expression of surface markers from the pool sample of five healthy donors. E Marker expression heatmap defines γδ2 T cell subsets (P0–P8). F Histogram analysis of key memory and cytotoxic markers over culture duration, data from the pool sample of five healthy donors. G Cytotoxicity of γδ2 T cells from HD-1 against Ln18 cells decreases with extended culture, as measured by co-culture apoptosis assays

Article Snippet: Human glioblastoma cell lines Ln18 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA); human glioblastoma cell lines GBM8901 and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB231 were purchased from Bioresources Collection and Research Center (Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan).

Techniques: Ex Vivo, Expressing, Marker, Co-Culture Assay

Journal: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII

Article Title: Dasatinib boosts γδ T cell expansion and memory phenotypes with enhanced antitumor immunity

doi: 10.1007/s00262-026-04335-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dasatinib-cultured γδ2 T cells exhibit superior in vitro antitumor activity and persistence. A Cytotoxicity of γδ2 T cells expanded with dasatinib (γδ2 T-Da) or vehicle (γδ2 T-Ve) against MDA-MB-231 (TNBC), Ln18, and GBM8901 (GBM) cancer cells in a 5-h co-culture assay. Tumor cell apoptosis was measured by Annexin V positivity. While γδ2 T-Ve cells showed donor-variable cytotoxicity, γδ2 T-Da cells consistently exhibited enhanced tumor cell killing in a majority of tested donors. B Polyfunctional cytokine profiling of γδ2 T cells post co-culture, assessed by intracellular staining for TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL2, IL4, and IL17A. γδ2 T-Da cells displayed higher proportions of TNF-α⁺ and IFN-γ⁺ cells, indicating a more robust effector response. C Long-term cytotoxicity against GBM8901 cells using γδ2 T-Da and γδ2 T-Ve cells harvested at day 7, 10, and 13 of ex vivo expansion. γδ2 T-Da cells retained greater cytotoxicity over time, whereas γδ2 T-Ve cells showed a progressive loss of killing ability. D Serial killing assay demonstrating that γδ2 T-Da cells maintain cytotoxic function over repeated tumor cell challenges, suggesting enhanced persistence and durability of antitumor activity. Student t -test is used, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001. The effector-to-target (E:T) ratios used in A , C , and D were 1:1

Article Snippet: Human glioblastoma cell lines Ln18 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA); human glioblastoma cell lines GBM8901 and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB231 were purchased from Bioresources Collection and Research Center (Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan).

Techniques: Cell Culture, In Vitro, Activity Assay, Co-culture Assay, Co-Culture Assay, Staining, Ex Vivo